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Advanced Accounting 13th Edition Beams Chapter 1 Solutions

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solusi manual advanced acc zy Chap001

  1. 1. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities CHAPTER 1 INTERCORPORATE ACQUISITIONS AND INVESTMENTS IN OTHER ENTITIES ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Q1-1 Complex organizational structures often result when companies do business in a complex business environment. New subsidiaries or other entities may be formed for purposes such as extending operations into foreign countries, seeking to protect existing assets from risks associated with entry into new product lines, separating activities that fall under regulatory controls, and reducing taxes by separating certain types of operations. Q1-2 The split-off and spin-off result in the same reduction of reported assets and liabilities. Only the stockholders' equity accounts of the company are different. The number of shares outstanding remains unchanged in the case of a spin-off and retained earnings or paid-in capital is reduced. Shares of the parent are exchanged for shares of the subsidiary in a splitoff, thereby reducing the outstanding shares of the parent company. Q1-3 The management of Enron appears to have used special purpose entities to avoid reporting debt on its balance sheet and to create fictional transactions that resulted in reported income. It also transferred bad loans and investments to special purpose entities to avoid recognizing losses in its income statement. Q1-4 (a) A statutory merger occurs when one company acquires another company and the assets and liabilities of the acquired company are transferred to the acquiring company; the acquired company is liquidated, and only the acquiring company remains. (b) A statutory consolidation occurs when a new company is formed to acquire the assets and liabilities of two combining companies; the combining companies dissolve, and the new company is the only surviving entity. (c) A stock acquisition occurs when one company acquires a majority of the common stock of another company and the acquired company is not liquidated; both companies remain as separate but related corporations. Q1-5 Assets and liabilities transferred to a new wholly-owned subsidiary normally are transferred at book value. In the event the value of an asset transferred to a newly created entity has been impaired prior to the transfer and its fair value is less than the carrying value on the transferring company's books, the transferring company should recognize an impairment loss and the asset should then be transferred to the entity at the lower value. Q1-6 The introduction of the concept of beneficial interest expands those situations in which consolidation is required. Existing accounting standards have focused on the presence or absence of equity ownership. Consolidation and equity method reporting have been required when a company holds the required level of common stock of another entity. The beneficial interest approach says that even when a company does not hold stock of another company, consolidation should occur whenever it has a direct or indirect ability to make decisions significantly affecting the results of activities of an entity or will absorb a majority of an entity's expected losses or receive a majority of the entity's expected residual returns. 1-1
  2. 2. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities Q1-7 A noncontrolling interest exists when the acquiring company gains control but does not own all the shares of the acquired company. Q1-8 Under pooling of interests accounting the book values of the combining companies were carried forward and no goodwill was recognized. Future earnings were not reduced by additional depreciation or write-offs. Q1-9 Goodwill is the excess of the sum of the fair value given by the acquiring company and the acquisition-date fair value of any noncontrolling interest over the acquisition-date fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired in the business combination. Q1-10 The level of ownership acquired does not impact the amount of goodwill reported. Prior to the adoption of the acquisition method the amount reported was determined by the amount paid by the acquiring company to attain ownership of the acquiree. Q1-11 When less-than-100-percent ownership is acquired, goodwill must be allocated between the acquirer and the noncontrolling interest. This is accomplished by assigning to the acquirer the difference between the acquisition-date fair value of its equity interest in the acquiree and its share of the acquisition-date fair value of the acquiree's net assets. The remaining amount of goodwill is assigned to the noncontrolling interest. . Q1-12 The total difference at the acquisition date between the fair value of the consideration exchanged and the book value of the net identifiable assets acquired is referred to as the differential. Q1-13 The purchase of a company is viewed in the same way as any other purchase of assets. The acquired company is owned by the acquiring company only for the portion of the year subsequent to the combination. Therefore, earnings are accrued only from the date of purchase forward. Q1-14 None of the retained earnings of the subsidiary should be carried forward under the acquisition method. Thus, consolidated retained earnings is limited to the balance reported by the acquiring company. Q1-15 Additional paid-in capital reported following a business combination is the amount previously reported on the acquiring company's books plus the excess of the fair value over the par or stated value of any shares issued by the acquiring company in completing the acquisition. Q1-16 When the acquisition method is used, all costs incurred in bringing about the combination are expensed as incurred. None are capitalized. Q1-17 When the acquiring company issues shares of stock to complete a business combination, the excess of the fair value of the stock issued over its par value is recorded as additional paid-in capital. All costs incurred by the acquiring company in issuing the securities should be treated as a reduction in the additional paid-in capital. Items such as audit fees associated with the registration of securities, listing fees, and brokers' commissions should be treated as reductions of additional paid-in capital when stock is issued. An adjustment to bond premium or bond discount is needed when bonds are used to complete the purchase. 1-2
  3. 3. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities Q1-18 If the fair value of a reporting unit acquired in a business combination exceeds its carrying amount, the goodwill of that reporting unit is considered unimpaired. On the other hand, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, impairment of goodwill is implied. An impairment must be recognized if the carrying amount of the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit is greater than the implied value of the carrying unit's goodwill. The implied value of the reporting unit's goodwill is determined as the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the fair value of its net assets excluding goodwill. Q1-19 When the fair value of the consideration given in a business combination, along with the fair value of any equity interest in the acquiree already held and the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, is less than the fair value of the acquiree's net identifiable assets, a bargain purchase results. Q1-20* The acquirer should record the clarification of the acquisition-date fair value of buildings as a reduction to buildings and addition to goodwill. . Q1-21* The acquirer must revalue the equity position to its fair value at the acquisition date and recognize a gain. A total of $250,000 ($25 x 10,000 shares) would be recognized in this case. Q1-22A The purchase method calls for recording the acquirer's investment in the acquired company at the amount of the total purchase price paid by the acquirer, including associated costs. The difference between this amount and the acquirer's proportionate share of the fair value of the net identifiable assets is reported as goodwill. Q1-23A Under the pooling method, the book values of the assets, liabilities, and equity of the acquired company are carried forward without adjustment to fair value. No goodwill is recorded because the fair value of the Consideration given is not recognized. Consistent with the idea of the owners of the combining companies continuing as owners of the combined company, the retained earnings of both companies are carried forward. 1-3
  4. 4. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities SOLUTIONS TO CASES C1-1 Reporting Alternatives and International Harmonization a. In the past, U.S. companies were required to systematically amortize the amount of goodwill recorded, thereby reducing earnings, while companies in other countries were not required to do so. Thus, reported results subsequent to business combinations were often lower than for foreign acquirers that did not amortize goodwill. The FASB changed accounting for goodwill in 2001 to no longer require amortization. Instead, the FASB now requires goodwill to be tested periodically for impairment and written down if impaired. Also, international accounting standards and U.S. standards have become closer in recent years, and authoritative bodies are working to bring standard even closer. b. U.S. companies must be concerned about accounting standards in other countries and about international standards (i.e., those issued by the International Accounting Standards Committee). Companies operate in a global economy today. Not only do they buy and sell products and services in other countries, but they may raise capital and have operations located in other countries. Such companies may have to meet foreign reporting requirements, and these requirements may differ from U.S. reporting standards. In recent years, the acceptance of international accounting standards has become widespread, and international standards are even gaining acceptance in the United States. Thus, many U.S. companies, and not just the largest, may find foreign and international reporting standards relevant if they are going to operate globally. U.S. companies also sometimes acquire foreign companies, especially if they wish to move into a new geographic area or ensure a supply of raw materials. For the acquiring company to perform its due diligence with respect to a foreign acquisition, it must be familiar with international financial reporting standards. 1-4
  5. 5. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-2 Assignment of Acquisition Costs MEMO To: Vice-President of Finance Troy Company From: Re: , CPA Recording Acquisition Costs of Business Combination Troy Company incurred a variety of costs in acquiring the ownership of Kline Company and transferring the assets and liabilities of Kline to Troy Company. I was asked to review the relevant accounting literature and provide my recommendations as to what was the appropriate treatment of the costs incurred in the acquisition of Kline Company. The accounting standards applicable to the 2003 acquisition required that all direct costs of purchasing another company be treated as part of the total cost of the acquired company. The costs incurred in issuing common or preferred stock in a business combination were required to be treated as a reduction of the otherwise determinable fair value of the securities. [FASB 141, Par. 24] A total of $720,000 was paid by Troy in completing its acquisition of Kline. The $200,000 finders' fee and $90,000 legal fees for transferring Kline's assets and liabilities to Troy should have been included in the purchase price of Kline. The $60,000 payment for stock registration and audit fees should have been recorded as a reduction of paid-in capital recorded when the Troy Company shares were issued to acquire the shares of Kline. The only cost potentially at issue is the $370,000 legal fees resulting from the litigation by the shareholders of Kline. If this cost is considered to be a direct cost of acquisition , it should have been included in the costs of acquiring Kline. If, on the other hand, it is considered an indirect or general expense, it should have been charged to expense in 2003. [FASB 141, Par. 24] While one might argue that the $370,000 was an indirect cost, it resulted directly from the exchange of shares used to complete the business combination and should have been included in the amount assigned to the cost of acquiring ownership of Kline. Of the total costs incurred, $660,000 should have been assigned to the purchase price of Kline and $60,000 recorded as a reduction of paid-in-capital. You also requested information on how the costs of acquiring Lad Company should be treated under current accounting standards. Since the acquisition of Kline, the FASB has issued FASB 141R, "Business Combinations," issued in December 2007. This standard can be found at the FASB website (www.fasb.org/pdf/fas141r.pdf). Stock issue costs continue to be treated as previously. Acquired companies are to be valued under FASB 141R at the fair value of the consideration given in the exchange, plus the fair value of any shares of the acquiree already held by the acquirer, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the date of combination [FASB 141R, Par. 34]. All other acquisition-related costs are accounted for expenses in the period incurred [FASB 141R, Par. 59]. Primary citation FASB 141R 1-5
  6. 6. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-3 Evaluation of Merger Page numbers refer to the page in the 3M 2005 10-K report. a. The CUNO acquisition improved 3M's product mix by adding a comprehensive line of filtration products for the separation, clarification and purification of fluids and gases (p. 4). The CUNO acquisition added 5.1 percent to Industrial sales growth (p.13), and was the primary reason for a 1.0 percent increase in total sales in 2005 (p. 15). b. The acquisition was funded primarily by debt (p.27): The Company generates significant ongoing cash flow. Net debt decreased significantly in 2004, but increased in 2005, primarily related to the $1.36 billion CUNO acquisition. c. As of December 31, 2005, the CUNO acquisition increased accounts receivable by $88 million (p. 27). d. At December 31, 2005, the CUNO acquisition increased inventories by $56 million. Currency translation reduced inventories by $89 million year-on-year (p. 27). 1-6
  7. 7. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-4 Business Combinations It is very difficult to develop a single explanation for any series of events. Merger activity in the United States is impacted by events both within the U.S. economy and those around the world. As a result, there are many potential answers to the questions posed in this case. a. The most commonly discussed factors associated with the merger activity of the nineties relate to the increased profitability of businesses. In the past, increases in profitability typically have been associated with increases in sales. The increased profitability of companies in the past decade, however, more commonly has been associated with decreased costs. Even though sales remained relatively flat, profits increased. Nearly all business entities appear to have gone through one or more downsizing events during the past decade. Fewer employees now are delivering the same amount of product to customers. Lower inventory levels and reduced investment in production facilities now are needed due to changes in production processes and delivery schedules. Thus, less investment in facilities and fewer employees have resulted in greater profits. Companies generally have been reluctant to distribute the increased profits to shareholders through dividends. The result has been a number of companies with substantially increased cash reserves. This, in turn, has led management to look about for other investment alternatives, and cash buyouts have become more frequent in this environment. In addition to high levels of cash on hand providing an incentive for business combinations, easy financing through debt and equity also provided encouragement for acquisitions. Throughout the nineties, interest rates were very low and borrowing was generally easy. With the enormous stock-price gains of the mid-nineties, companies found that they had a very valuable resource in shares of their stock. Thus, stock acquisitions again came into favor. b. One factor that may have prompted the greater use of stock in business combinations recently is that many of the earlier combinations that had been effected through the use of debt had unraveled. In many cases, the debt burden was so heavy that the combined companies could not meet debt payments. Thus, this approach to financing mergers had somewhat fallen from favor by the mid-nineties. Further, with the spectacular rise in the stock market after 1994, many companies found that their stock was worth much more than previously. Accordingly, fewer shares were needed to acquire other companies. c. Two of major factors appear to have had a significant influence on the merger movement in the mid-2000s. First, interest rates were very low during that time, and a great amount of unemployed cash was available world wide. Many business combinations were effected through significant borrowing. Second, private equity funds pooled money from various institutional investors and wealthy individuals and used much of it to acquire companies. Many of the acquisitions of this time period involved private equity funds or companies that acquired other companies with the goal of making quick changes and selling the companies for a profit. This differed from prior merger periods where acquiring companies were often looking for long-term acquisitions that would result in synergies. In late 2007, a mortgage crisis spilled over into the credit markets in general, and money for acquisitions became hard to get. This in turn caused many planned or possible mergers to be canceled. In addition, the economy in general faltered toward the end of 2007 and into 2008. 1-7
  8. 8. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-4 (continued) d. Establishing incentives for corporate mergers is a controversial issue. Many people in our society view mergers as not being in the best interests of society because they are seen as lessening competition and often result in many people losing their jobs. On the other hand, many mergers result in companies that are more efficient and can compete better in a global economy; this in turn may result in more jobs and lower prices. Even if corporate mergers are viewed favorably, however, the question arises as to whether the government, and ultimately the taxpayers, should be subsidizing those mergers through tax incentives. Many would argue that the desirability of individual corporate mergers, along with other types of investment opportunities, should be determined on the basis of the merits of the individual situations rather than through tax incentives. Perhaps the most obvious incentive is to lower capital gains tax rates. Businesses may be more likely to invest in other companies if they can sell their ownership interests when it is convenient and pay lesser tax rates. Another alternative would include exempting certain types of intercorporate income. Favorable tax status might be given to investment in foreign companies through changes in tax treaties. As an alternative, barriers might be raised to discourage foreign investment in United States, thereby increasing the opportunities for domestic firms to acquire ownership of other companies. e. In an ideal environment, the accounting and reporting for economic events would be accurate and timely and would not influence the economic decisions being reported. Any change in reporting requirements that would increase or decrease management's ability to "manage" earnings could impact management's willingness to enter new or risky business fields and affect the level of business combinations. Greater flexibility in determining which subsidiaries are to be consolidated, the way in which intercorporate income is calculated, the elimination of profits on intercompany transfers, or the process used in calculating earnings per share could impact such decisions. The processes used in translating foreign investment into United States dollars also may impact management's willingness to invest in domestic versus international alternatives. 1-8
  9. 9. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-5 Determination of Goodwill Impairment MEMO TO: Chief Accountant Plush Corporation From: Re: , CPA Determining Impairment of Goodwill Once goodwill is recorded in a business combination, it must be accounted for in accordance with FASB Statement No. 142. Goodwill is carried forward at the original amount without amortization, unless it becomes impaired. The amount determined to be goodwill in a business combination must be assigned to the reporting units of the acquiring entity that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination. [FASB 142, Par. 34] This means the total amount assigned to goodwill may be divided among a number of reporting units. Goodwill assigned to each reporting unit must be tested for impairment annually and between the annual tests in the event circumstances arise that would lead to a possible decrease in the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount [FASB 142, Par. 28]. As long as the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying value, goodwill is not considered to be impaired. If the fair value is less than the carrying value, a second test must be performed. An impairment loss must be reported if the carrying amount of reporting unit goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill. [FASB 142, Par. 20] At the date of acquisition, Plush Corporation recognized goodwill of $20,000 ($450,000 $430,000) and assigned it to a single reporting unit. Even though the fair value of the reporting unit increased to $485,000 at December 31, 20X5, Plush Corporation must test for impairment of goodwill if the carrying value of Plush's investment in the reporting unit is above that amount. That would be the case if the carrying value is $500,000. In the second test, the fair value of the reporting unit's net assets, excluding goodwill, is deducted from the fair value of the reporting unit ($485,000) to determine the amount of implied goodwill at that date. If the fair value of the net assets is less than $465,000, the amount of implied goodwill is more than $20,000 and no impairment of goodwill is assumed to have occurred. On the other hand, if the fair value of the net assets is greater than $465,000, the amount of implied goodwill is less than $20,000 and an impairment of goodwill must be recorded. With the information provided in the case, we do not know if there has been an impairment of the goodwill involved in the purchase of Common Corporation; however, Plush must follow the procedures outlined above in testing for impairment at December 31, 20X5. Primary citations FASB 142, Par. 20 FASB 142, Par. 28 FASB 142, Par. 34 1-9
  10. 10. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-6 Risks Associated with Acquisitions Google discloses on page 21 of its 2006 Form 10-K that it does not have significant experience acquiring companies. It also notes that most acquisitions the company has already completed have been small companies. The specific risk areas identified include: • The potential need to implement controls, procedures, and policies appropriate for a public company that were not already in place in the acquired company • Potential difficulties in integrating the accounting, management information, human resources, and other administrative systems. • The use of management time on acquisitions-related activities that may temporarily divert attention from operating activities • Potential difficulty in integrating the employees of an acquired company into the Google organization • Retaining employees who worked for companies that Google acquires • Anticipated benefits of acquisitions may not materialize. • Foreign acquisitions may include additional unique risks including potential difficulties arising from differences in cultures and languages, currencies, and from economic, political, and regulatory risks. 1-10
  11. 11. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-7 Numbers Game a. A company is motivated to keep its stock price high. However, stock price is very sensitive to information about company performance. When the company reports lower earnings than the market anticipated, the stock price often falls significantly. A desire to increase reported earnings to meet the expectations of Wall Street may provide a company with incentives to manipulate earnings to achieve this goal. b. Levitt discusses 5 specific techniques: (1) "big bath" restructuring charges, (2) creative acquisition accounting, (3) "cookie jar reserves," (4) improper application of the materiality principal, and (5) improper recognition of revenue. c. Levitt notes meaningful disclosure to investors about company performance is necessary for investors to trust and feel confident in the information they are using to make investing decisions. Levitt believes this trust is the bedrock of our financial markets and is required for the efficient functioning of U.S. capital markets. 1-11
  12. 12. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-8 MCI: A Succession of Mergers The story of MCI WorldCom (later, MCI) is the story of the man who is largely responsible for both the rise and fall of MCI WorldCom. Bernard Ebbers was Chief Executive Officer of MCI until he resigned under pressure from the Board of Directors in April 2002. He put together over five dozen acquisitions in the two decades prior to stepping down. In 1983, he and three friends bought a small phone company which they named LDDS (Long Distance Discount Services); he became CEO of the company in 1985 and guided its growth strategy. In 1989, LDDS combined with Advantage Co., keeping the LDDS name, to provide long-distance service to 11 Southern and Midwestern states. LDDS merged with Advanced Telecommunications Corporation in 1992 in an exchange of stock accounted for as a pooling of interests. In 1993, LDDS merged with Metromedia Communications Corporation and Resurgens Communications Group, with the combined company maintaining the LDDS name and LDDS treated as the surviving company for accounting purposes (although legally Resurgens was the surviving company). In 1994, the company merged with IDB Communications Group in an exchange of stock accounted for as a pooling. In 1995, LDDS purchased for cash the network services operations of Williams Telecommunications Group. Later in 1995, the company changed its name to WorldCom, Inc. In 1996, WorldCom acquired the large Internet services provider UUNET by merging with its parent company, MFS Communications Company, in an exchange of stock. In 1997, WorldCom purchased the Internet and networking divisions of America Online and CompuServe in a three-way stock and asset swap. In 1998, the Company acquired MCI Communications Corporation for approximately $40 billion, and subsequently the name of the company was changed to MCI WorldCom. This merger was accounted for as a purchase. In 1998, the Company also acquired CompuServe for 56 million MCI WorldCom common shares in a business combination accounted for as a purchase. In 1999, MCI WorldCom acquired SkyTel for 23 million MCI WorldCom common shares in a pooling of interests. An attempt to acquire Sprint in 1999, in a deal billed as the biggest in corporate history, was scuttled due to antitrust concerns. MCI WorldCom's long distance and other businesses experienced major declines in 2000 and profits began to fall. Continued deterioration of operations and cash flows and disclosure of a massive accounting fraud in June 2002, led MCI WorldCom to file for bankruptcy protection in July 2002, in the largest Chapter 11 case in U.S. history. Subsequent discoveries of additional inappropriate accounting activities and restatements of financial statements further blemished the company's reputation. In April 2003, WorldCom filed a plan of reorganization with the SEC and changed the company name from WorldCom to MCI. The company went through a period of retrenchment, and in early 2006 merged with Verizon Communications. Thus, MCI is no longer a separate company but rather is part of Verizon's wireline business. Criminal charges were filed against Bernard Ebbers and five other former executives of WorldCom in connect with a major fraud investigation. The company also was charged and eventually reached a settlement with the SEC, agreeing to pay $500 million of cash and 10 million shares of common stock of MCI. Bernard Ebbers was tried for an $11 billion accounting fraud and in 2005 was found guilty of all nine counts with which he was charged. He was sentenced to 25 years in prison, with confiscation of nearly all of his assets. Ebbers is currently in the Oakdale Federal Correctional Complex in Louisiana. 1-12
  13. 13. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-9 Leveraged Buyouts a. A leveraged buyout involves acquiring a company in a transaction or series of planned transactions that include using a very high proportion of debt, often secured by the assets of the target company. Normally, the investors acquire all of the stock or assets of the target company. A management buyout occurs when the existing management of a company acquires all or most of the stock or assets of the company. Frequently, the investors in LBOs include management, and thus an LBO may also be an MBO b. The FASB has not dealt with leveraged buyouts in either current pronouncements or exposure drafts of proposed standards. The Emerging Issues Task Force has addressed limited aspects of accounting for LBOs. In EITF 84-23, "Leveraged Buyout Holding Company Debt," the Task Force did not reach a consensus. In EITF 88-16, "Basis in Leveraged Buyout Transactions," the Task Force did provide guidance as to the proper basis that should be recognized for an acquiring company's interest in a target company acquired through a leveraged buyout. c. Whether an LBO is a type of business combination is not clear and probably depends on the structure of the buyout. The FASB has not taken a position on whether an LBO is a type of business combination. The EITF indicated that LBOs of the type it was considering are similar to business combinations. Most LBOs are effected by establishing a holding company for the purpose of acquiring the assets or stock of the target company. Such a holding company has no substantive operations. Some would argue that a business combination can occur only if the acquiring company has substantive operations. However, neither the FASB nor EITF has established such a requirement. Thus, the question of whether an LBO is a business combination is unresolved. d. The primary issue in deciding the proper basis for an interest in a company acquired in an LBO, as determined by EITF 88-16, is whether the transaction has resulted in a change in control of the target company (a new controlling shareholder group has been established). If a change in control has not occurred, the transaction is treated as a recapitalization or restructuring, and a change in basis is not appropriate (the previous basis carries over). If a change in control has occurred, a new basis of accounting may be appropriate. 1-13
  14. 14. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities C1-10 Curtiss-Wright and Goodwill a. Curtiss-Wright Corporation acquired seven businesses in 2001 and six businesses in 2002, with all of the acquisitions accounted for as purchases. Goodwill increased from $47,204,000 on January 1, 2001, to $83,585,000 at December 31, 2001, an increase of $36,381,000 or 77.1 percent. Goodwill of $181,101,000 was reported at December 31, 2002, an increase of $97,516,000 or 116.7 percent for the year. Goodwill represented 22.3 percent ($181,101,000/$812,924,000) of total assets at December 31, 2002. This amount represents a substantially higher proportion of total assets than is found in most manufacturing-related companies. Note that the company accounted for all of its acquisitions using the purchase method, one of the two acceptable methods of accounting for business combinations during that time, and the method that resulted in the recognition of goodwill. b. Curtis-Wright acquired assets having a total fair value of $42.4 million (and assumed liabilities of $7.4 million) through business combinations in 2006. Goodwill increased in 2006 by $22.9 million ($411.1 - $388.2), for an increase of about 6 percent. The amount of goodwill at December 31, 2006, represents about 26 percent of total assets. c. Curtis-Wright recognized no goodwill impairment losses for 2005 or 2006. At the end of 2006, Curtis-Wright changed its date for testing goodwill impairment from July 31 to October 31. This was done to better coincide with the company's normal schedule for developing strategic plans and forecasts. This change had no effect on the financial statements for 2006 and prior years. d. The management of Curtiss-Wright undoubtedly prefers the current treatment of goodwill. Curtiss-Wright has a large amount of goodwill in comparison with most companies, and amortizing that goodwill would have a negative impact on earnings. Given that CurtissWright has had no goodwill impairment losses in recent years under the current treatment of goodwill, earnings has not been burdened by the company's substantial goodwill. However, if the company's market position were to deteriorate or a sustained general economic downturn were to occur, the company could incur significant goodwill impairment losses. C1-11 Sears and Kmart: The Joining Together of Two of America's Oldest Retailers a. Kmart declared Chapter 11 bankruptcy on January 22, 2002. The company reorganized and emerged from bankruptcy on May 6, 2003. b. The business combination was a stock acquisition in the form of a consolidation. That is, a new corporation was formed to acquire the two combining companies, Kmart and Sears, Roebuck. After the combination, the parent company, Sears Holdings Corporation, held all of the stock of Sears, Roebuck and Co. and Kmart Holding Corporation. c. Kmart was designated as the acquiring company. This determination was made on the basis of relative share ownership subsequent to the combination, makeup of the combined company's board of directors, makeup of senior management, and perhaps other factors. Given that Kmart was considered to be the acquirer, the historical balances of its accounts became those of the parent company, Sears Holdings. 1-14
  15. 15. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES E1-1 Multiple-Choice Questions on Complex Organizations 1. b 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. d E1-2 Multiple-Choice Questions on Recording Business Combinations [AICPA Adapted] 1. a 2. c 3. d 4. d 5. c E1-3 Multiple-Choice Questions on Reported Balances [AICPA Adapted] 1. d 2. d 3. c 4. c 1-15
  16. 16. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-4 Multiple-Choice Questions Involving Account Balances 1. c 2. c 3. b 4. b 5. b E1-5 Asset Transfer to Subsidiary a. Journal entry recorded by Pale Company for transfer of assets to Bright Company: Investment in Bright Company Common Stock Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment 408,000 24,000 36,000 21,000 37,000 80,000 240,000 90,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Bright Company for receipt of assets from Pale Company: Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital 1-16 21,000 37,000 80,000 240,000 90,000 24,000 36,000 60,000 348,000
  17. 17. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-6 Creation of New Subsidiary a. Journal entry recorded by Lester Company for transfer of assets to Mumby Corporation: Investment in Mumby Corporation Common Stock Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings Equipment 498,000 7,000 35,000 60,000 40,000 75,000 50,000 35,000 160,000 240,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Mumby Corporation for receipt of assets from Lester Company: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings Equipment Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital 1-17 40,000 75,000 50,000 35,000 160,000 240,000 7,000 35,000 60,000 120,000 378,000
  18. 18. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-7 Balance Sheet Totals of Parent Company a. Journal entry recorded by Foster Corporation for transfer of assets and accounts payable to Kline Company: Investment in Kline Company Common Stock Accumulated Depreciation Accounts Payable Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Depreciable Assets 66,000 28,000 22,000 15,000 24,000 9,000 3,000 65,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Kline Company for receipt of assets and accounts payable from Foster Corporation: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Depreciable Assets Accumulated Depreciation Accounts Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital 15,000 24,000 9,000 3,000 65,000 1-18 28,000 22,000 48,000 18,000
  19. 19. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-8 Creation of Partnership a. Journal entry recorded by Glover Corporation for transfer of assets to G&R Partnership: Investment in G&R Partnership Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings Equipment 450,000 60,000 40,000 10,000 19,000 35,000 16,000 260,000 210,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Renfro Company for the transfer of cash to G&R Partnership: Investment in G&R Partnership Cash 50,000 50,000 c. Journal entry recorded by G&R Partnership for receipt of assets from Glover Corporation and Renfro Company: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings Equipment Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Capital, Glover Corporation Capital, Renfro Company 60,000 19,000 35,000 16,000 260,000 210,000 60,000 40,000 450,000 50,000 E1-9 Acquisition of Net Assets Sun Corporation will record the following journal entries: (1) (2) Assets Goodwill Liabilities Cash 71,000 9,000 Merger Expense Cash 4,000 1-19 20,000 60,000 4,000
  20. 20. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-10 Reporting Goodwill a. Goodwill: $120,000 = $310,000 - $190,000 Investment: $310,000 b. Goodwill: $6,000 = $196,000 - $190,000 Investment: $196,000 c. Goodwill: $0; no goodwill is recorded when the purchase price is below the fair value of the net identifiable assets. Investment: $190,000; recorded at the fair value of the net identifiable assets. E1-11 Stock Acquisition Journal entry to record the purchase of Tippy Inc., shares: Investment in Tippy Inc., Common Stock Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital $986,000 = $58 x 17,000 shares $425,000 = $25 x 17,000 shares $561,000 = ($58 - $25) x 17,000 shares 1-20 986,000 425,000 561,000
  21. 21. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-12 Balances Reported Following Combination a. Stock Outstanding: $200,000 + ($10 x 8,000 shares) $280,000 b. Cash and Receivables: $150,000 + $40,000 190,000 c. 185,000 Land: $100,000 + $85,000 d. Buildings and Equipment (net): $300,000 + $230,000 530,000 e. Goodwill: ($50 x 8,000) - $355,000 f. 45,000 Additional Paid-In Capital: $20,000 + [($50 - $10) x 8,000] 340,000 g. Retained Earnings 330,000 E1-13 Goodwill Recognition Journal entry to record acquisition of Spur Corporation net assets: Cash and Receivables Inventory Land Plant and Equipment Patent Goodwill Accounts Payable Cash 40,000 150,000 30,000 350,000 130,000 55,000 1-21 85,000 670,000
  22. 22. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-14 Acquisition Using Debentures Journal entry to record acquisition of Sorden Company net assets: Cash and Receivables Inventory Land Plant and Equipment Discount on Bonds Payable Goodwill Accounts Payable Bonds Payable 50,000 200,000 100,000 300,000 17,000 8,000 50,000 625,000 Computation of goodwill Fair value of consideration given Fair value of assets acquired Fair value of liabilities assumed Fair value of net assets acquired Goodwill $650,000 (50,000) $608,000 600,000 $ 8,000 E1-15 Bargain Purchase Journal entry to record acquisition of Sorden Company net assets: Cash and Receivables Inventory Land Plant and Equipment Discount on Bonds Payable Accounts Payable Bonds Payable Gain on Bargain Purchase of Subsidiary 50,000 200,000 100,000 300,000 16,000 50,000 580,000 36,000 The gain represents the excess of the $600,000 fair value of the net assets acquired ($650,000 - $50,000) over the $564,000 paid to purchase ownership. 1-22
  23. 23. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-16 Impairment of Goodwill a. Goodwill of $80,000 will be reported. The fair value of the reporting unit ($340,000) is greater than the carrying amount of the investment ($290,000) and the goodwill does not need to be tested for impairment. b. Goodwill of $35,000 will be reported (fair value of reporting unit of $280,000 - fair value of net assets of $245,000). An impairment loss of $45,000 ($80,000 $35,000) will be recognized. c. Goodwill of $15,000 will be reported (fair value of reporting unit of $260,000 - fair value of net assets of $245,000). An impairment loss of $65,000 ($80,000 $15,000) will be recognized. E1-17 Assignment of Goodwill a. No impairment loss will be recognized. The fair value of the reporting unit ($530,000) is greater than the carrying value of the investment ($500,000) and goodwill does not need to be tested for impairment. b. An impairment of goodwill of $15,000 will be recognized. The implied value of goodwill is $45,000 ($485,000 - $440,000), which represents a $15,000 decrease from the original $60,000. c. An impairment of goodwill of $50,000 will be recognized. The implied value of goodwill is $10,000 ($450,000 - $440,000), which represents a $50,000 decrease from the original $60,000. 1-23
  24. 24. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-18 Goodwill Assigned to Reporting Units Goodwill of $158,000 ($60,000 + $48,000 + $0 + $50,000) should be reported, computed as follows: Reporting Unit A: Goodwill of $60,000 should be reported. The implied value of goodwill is $90,000 ($690,000 - $600,000) and the carrying amount of goodwill is $60,000. Reporting Unit B: Goodwill of $48,000 should be reported. The fair value of the reporting unit ($335,000) is greater than the carrying value of the investment ($330,000). Reporting Unit C: No goodwill should be reported. The fair value of the net assets ($400,000) exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit ($370,000). Reporting Unit D: Goodwill of $50,000 should be reported. The fair value of the reporting unit ($585,000) is greater than the carrying value of the investment ($520,000). E1-19 Goodwill Measurement a. Goodwill of $150,000 will be reported. The fair value of the reporting unit ($580,000) is greater than the carrying value of the investment ($550,000) and goodwill does not need to be tested for impairment. b. Goodwill of $50,000 will be reported. The implied value of goodwill is $50,000 (fair value of reporting unit of $540,000 - fair value of net assets of $490,000). Thus, an impairment of goodwill of $100,000 ($150,000 - $50,000) must be recognized. c. Goodwill of $10,000 will be reported. The implied value of goodwill is $10,000 (fair value of reporting unit of $500,000 - fair value of net assets of $490,000). Thus, an impairment loss of $140,000 ($150,000 - $10,000) must be recognized. d. No goodwill will be reported. The fair value of the net assets ($490,000) exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit ($460,000). Thus, the implied value of goodwill is $0 and an impairment loss of $150,000 ($150,000 - $0) must be recognized. 1-24
  25. 25. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-20 Computation of Fair Value Amount paid Book value of assets Book value of liabilities Book value of net assets Adjustment for research and development costs Adjusted book value Fair value of patent rights Goodwill recorded Fair value increment of buildings and equipment Book value of buildings and equipment Fair value of buildings and equipment $624,000 (356,000) $268,000 (40,000) $228,000 120,000 93,000 $517,000 (441,000) $ 76,000 341,000 $417,000 E1-21 Computation of Shares Issued and Goodwill a. 15,600 shares were issued, computed as follows: Par value of shares outstanding following merger Paid-in capital following merger Total par value and paid-in capital Par value of shares outstanding before merger Paid-in capital before merger Increase in par value and paid-in capital Divide by price per share Number of shares issued $218,400 370,000 $327,600 650,800 $978,400 (588,400) $390,000 ÷ $25 15,600 b. The par value is $7, computed as follows: Increase in par value of shares outstanding ($327,600 - $218,400) Divide by number of shares issued Par value $109,200 ÷ 15,600 $ 7.00 c. Goodwill of $34,000 was recorded, computed as follows: Increase in par value and paid-in capital Fair value of net assets ($476,000 - $120,000) Goodwill 1-25 $390,000 (356,000) $ 34,000
  26. 26. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-22 Combined Balance Sheet Adam Corporation and Best Company Combined Balance Sheet January 1, 20X2 Cash and Receivables Inventory Buildings and Equipment Less: Accumulated Depreciation Goodwill $ 240,000 460,000 840,000 (250,000) 75,000 $1,365,000 Accounts Payable Notes Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings Computation of goodwill Fair value of compensation given Fair value of net identifiable assets ($490,000 - $85,000) Goodwill $480,000 (405,000) $ 75,000 1-26 $ 125,000 235,000 244,000 556,000 205,000 $1,365,000
  27. 27. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities E1-23 Recording a Business Combination Merger Expense Deferred Stock Issue Costs Cash 54,000 29,000 Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings and Equipment Goodwill (1) Accounts Payable Bonds Payable Bond Premium Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital (2) Deferred Stock Issue Costs 83,000 70,000 110,000 200,000 100,000 350,000 30,000 195,000 100,000 5,000 320,000 211,000 29,000 (1) Computation of goodwill: Fair value of Sparse as a whole Fair value of assets acquired Fair value of liabilities assumed Fair value of net assets acquired Goodwill $830,000 (300,000) $560,000 (530,000) $ 30,000 (2) Computation of additional paid-in capital: Market value of shares issued ($14 x 40,000) Par value of shares issued ($8 x 40,000) Additional paid-in capital from issuing shares Stock issue costs Additional paid-in capital recorded $560,000 (320,000) $240,000 (29,000) $211,000 E1-24 Reporting Income 20X2: Net income Earnings per share = = $6,028,000 [$2,500,000 + $3,528,000] $5.48 [$6,028,000 / (1,000,000 + 100,000*)] 20X1: Net income Earnings per share = = $4,460,000 [previously reported] $4.46 [$4,460,000 / 1,000,000] * 100,000 = 200,000 shares x ½ year 1-27
  28. 28. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS P1-25 Assets and Accounts Payable Transferred to Subsidiary a. Journal entry recorded by Tab Corporation for its transfer of assets and accounts payable to Collon Company: Investment in Collon Company Common Stock Accounts Payable Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment 320,000 45,000 40,000 10,000 25,000 70,000 60,000 170,000 90,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Collon Company for receipt of assets and accounts payable from Tab Corporation: Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment Accounts Payable Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital 1-28 25,000 70,000 60,000 170,000 90,000 45,000 40,000 10,000 180,000 140,000
  29. 29. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-26 Creation of New Subsidiary a. Journal entry recorded by Eagle Corporation for transfer of assets and accounts payable to Sand Corporation: Investment in Sand Corporation Common Stock Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable Accumulated Depreciation Accounts Payable Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings and Equipment 400,000 5,000 40,000 10,000 30,000 45,000 60,000 20,000 300,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Sand Corporation for receipt of assets and accounts payable from Eagle Corporation: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings and Equipment Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Receivable Accumulated Depreciation Accounts Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital 30,000 45,000 60,000 20,000 300,000 5,000 40,000 10,000 50,000 350,000 P1-27 Incomplete Data on Creation of Subsidiary a. The book value of assets transferred was $152,000 ($3,000 + $16,000 + $27,000 + $9,000 + $70,000 + $60,000 - $21,000 - $12,000). b. Thumb Company would report its investment in New Company equal to the book value of net assets transferred of $138,000 ($152,000 - $14,000). c. 8,000 shares ($40,000/$5). d. Total assets declined by $14,000 (book value of assets transferred of $152,000 investment in New Company of $138,000). e. No effect. The shares outstanding reported by Thumb Company are not affected by the creation of New Company. 1-29
  30. 30. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-28 Establishing a Partnership a. Journal entry recorded by K&D partnership for receipt of assets and accounts payable: Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Accounts Payable Capital, Krantz Company Capital, Dull Corporation 210,000 30,000 70,000 200,000 120,000 50,000 30,000 50,000 300,000 200,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Krantz Company for transfer of assets and accounts payable to K&D Partnership: Investment in K&D Partnership Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Accounts Payable Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment 300,000 50,000 30,000 50,000 10,000 30,000 70,000 200,000 120,000 Journal entry recorded by Dull Corporation for cash transferred to K&D Partnership: Investment in K&D Partnership Cash 200,000 1-30 200,000
  31. 31. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-29 Balance Sheet Data for Companies Establishing a Partnership a. Journal entry recorded by Good Corporation for assets transferred to G&W Partnership: Investment in G&W Partnership Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment 150,000 30,000 20,000 21,000 4,000 15,000 100,000 60,000 b. Journal entry recorded by Nevall Company for assets transferred to G&W Partnership: Investment in G&W Partnership Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Cash Inventory Equipment 50,000 14,000 3,000 25,000 36,000 c. Journal entry recorded by G&W Partnership for assets received from Good Corporation and Nevall Company: Cash Inventory Land Buildings Equipment Accumulated Depreciation – Buildings Accumulated Depreciation – Equipment Capital, Good Corporation Capital, Nevall Company 1-31 24,000 29,000 15,000 100,000 96,000 30,000 34,000 150,000 50,000
  32. 32. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-30 Acquisition in Multiple Steps Deal Corporation will record the following entries: (1) Investment in Mead Company Stock Common Stock - $10 Par Value Additional Paid-In Capital (2) Merger Expense Additional Paid-In Capital Cash 3,500 2,000 Investment in Mead Company Stock Gain on Increase in Value of Mead Company Stock 6,000 (3) 1-32 85,000 40,000 45,000 5,500 6,000
  33. 33. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-31 Journal Entries to Record a Business Combination Journal entries to record acquisition of TKK net assets: (1) Merger Expense Cash Record payment of legal fees. 14,000 (2) Deferred Stock Issue Costs Cash Record costs of issuing stock. 28,000 (3) Cash and Receivables Inventory Buildings and Equipment Goodwill Accounts Payable Notes Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Deferred Stock Issue Costs Record purchase of TKK Corporation. 28,000 122,000 470,000 12,000 Computation of goodwill Fair value of consideration given (24,000 x $22) Fair value of net assets acquired ($620,000 - $104,000) Goodwill $528,000 (516,000) $ 12,000 Computation of additional paid-in capital Number of shares issued Issue price in excess of par value ($22 - $4) Total Less: Deferred stock issue costs Increase in additional paid-in capital 1-33 24,000 x $18 $432,000 (28,000) $404,000 14,000 28,000 41,000 63,000 96,000 404,000 28,000
  34. 34. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-32 Recording Business Combinations Merger Expense Deferred Stock Issue Costs Cash 38,000 22,000 Cash and Equivalents Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings Equipment Goodwill (1) Accounts Payable Short-Term Notes Payable Bonds Payable Common Stock $2 Par Additional Paid-In Capital (2) Deferred Stock Issue Costs 41,000 73,000 144,000 200,000 1,500,000 300,000 127,000 (1) Goodwill: Fair value of consideration given (450,000 x $4) Fair value of net assets acquired ($41,000 + $73,000 + $144,000 + $200,000 + $1,500,000 + $300,000 - $35,000 - $50,000 - $500,000) Goodwill (2) Additional paid-in capital: $878,000 = [($4 - $2) x 450,000 shares] - $22,000 1-34 60,000 35,000 50,000 500,000 900,000 878,000 22,000 $1,800,000 (1,673,000) $ 127,000
  35. 35. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-33 Business Combination with Goodwill a. Journal entry to record acquisition of Zink Company net assets: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Patents Buildings and Equipment Goodwill Accounts Payable Notes Payable Cash 20,000 35,000 50,000 60,000 150,000 38,000 55,000 120,000 178,000 b. Balance sheet immediately following acquisition: Anchor Corporation and Zink Company Combined Balance Sheet February 1, 20X3 Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Patents Buildings and Equipment Less: Accumulated Depreciation Goodwill $ 82,000 175,000 220,000 140,000 530,000 (190,000) 38,000 $995,000 Accounts Payable Notes Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings $140,000 270,000 200,000 160,000 225,000 $995,000 c. Journal entry to record acquisition of Zink Company stock: Investment in Zink Company Common Stock Cash 1-35 178,000 178,000
  36. 36. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-34 Bargain Purchase Journal entries to record acquisition of Lark Corporation net assets: Merger Expense Cash 5,000 Cash and Receivables Inventory Buildings and Equipment (net) Patent Accounts Payable Cash Gain on Bargain Purchase of Lark Corporation 50,000 150,000 300,000 200,000 Computation of gain Fair value of consideration given Fair value of net assets acquired ($700,000 - $30,000) Gain on bargain purchase $625,000 (670,000) $ 45,000 1-36 5,000 30,000 625,000 45,000
  37. 37. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-35 Computation of Account Balances a. Liabilities reported by the Aspro Division at year-end: Fair value of reporting unit at year-end Acquisition price of reporting unit ($7.60 x 100,000) Fair value of net assets at acquisition ($810,000 - $190,000) Goodwill at acquisition Impairment in current year Goodwill at year-end Fair value of net assets at year-end $930,000 $760,000 (620,000) $140,000 (30,000) Fair value of assets at year-end Fair value of net assets at year-end Fair value of liabilities at year-end (110,000) $820,000 $950,000 (820,000) $130,000 b. Required fair value of reporting unit: Fair value of assets at year-end Fair value of liabilities at year-end (given) Fair value of net assets at year-end Original goodwill balance Required fair value of reporting unit to avoid recognition of impairment of goodwill 1-37 $ 950,000 (70,000) $ 880,000 140,000 $1,020,000
  38. 38. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-36 Goodwill Assigned to Multiple Reporting Units a. Goodwill to be reported by Rover Company: A $70,000 90,000 70,000 Carrying value of goodwill Implied goodwill at year-end Goodwill to be reported at year-end Reporting Unit B $80,000 50,000 50,000 Total goodwill to be reported at year-end: Reporting unit A Reporting unit B Reporting unit C Total goodwill to be reported Computation of implied goodwill Reporting unit A Fair value of reporting unit Fair value of identifiable assets Fair value of accounts payable Fair value of net assets Implied goodwill at year-end C $40,000 75,000 40,000 $ 70,000 50,000 40,000 $160,000 $350,000 (40,000) Reporting unit B Fair value of reporting unit Fair value of identifiable assets Fair value of accounts payable Fair value of net assets Implied goodwill at year-end $450,000 (60,000) Reporting unit C Fair value of reporting unit Fair value of identifiable assets Fair value of accounts payable Fair value of net assets Implied goodwill at year-end $200,000 (10,000) $400,000 (310,000) $ 90,000 $440,000 (390,000) $ 50,000 $265,000 (190,000) $ 75,000 b. Goodwill impairment of $30,000 ($80,000 - $50,000) must be reported in the current period for reporting unit B. 1-38
  39. 39. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-37 Journal Entries Journal entries to record acquisition of Light Steel net assets: (1) Merger Expense Cash Record finder's fee and transfer costs. (2) Deferred Stock Issue Costs Cash Record audit fees and stock registration fees. (3) Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings and Equipment Bond Discount Goodwill Accounts Payable Bonds Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Deferred Stock Issue Costs Record merger with Light Steel Company. 19,000 9,000 60,000 100,000 115,000 70,000 350,000 20,000 95,000 Computation of goodwill Fair value of consideration given (12,000 x $50) Fair value of net assets acquired Goodwill Additional Paid-In Capital $471,000 = [($50 - $10) x 12,000] - $9,000 1-39 $600,000 (505,000) $ 95,000 19,000 9,000 10,000 200,000 120,000 471,000 9,000
  40. 40. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-38 Purchase at More than Book Value a. Journal entry to record acquisition of Stafford Industries net assets: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings and Equipment Bond Discount Goodwill Accounts Payable Bonds Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital 30,000 60,000 160,000 30,000 350,000 5,000 125,000 10,000 150,000 80,000 520,000 b. Balance sheet immediately following acquisition: Ramrod Manufacturing and Stafford Industries Combined Balance Sheet January 1, 20X2 Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Land Buildings and Equipment Less: Accumulated Depreciation Goodwill $ 100,000 160,000 360,000 80,000 950,000 Accounts Payable Bonds Payable Less: Discount Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital (250,000) Retained Earnings 125,000 $1,525,000 $450,000 (5,000) $ 60,000 445,000 280,000 560,000 180,000 $1,525,000 P1-39 Business Combination Journal entry to record acquisition of Toot-Toot Tuba net assets: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Plant and Equipment Other Assets Goodwill Allowance for Uncollectibles Accounts Payable Notes Payable Mortgage Payable Bonds Payable Capital Stock ($10 par) Premium on Capital Stock 300 17,000 35,000 500,000 25,800 86,500 1-40 1,400 8,200 10,000 50,000 100,000 90,000 405,000
  41. 41. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-40 Combined Balance Sheet a. Balance sheet: Bilge Pumpworks and Seaworthy Rope Company Combined Balance Sheet January 1, 20X3 Cash and Receivables Inventory Land Plant and Equipment Less: Accumulated Depreciation Goodwill b. $110,000 Current Liabilities 142,000 Capital Stock 115,000 Capital in Excess 540,000 of Par Value Retained Earnings (150,000) 13,000 $770,000 $ 100,000 214,000 216,000 240,000 $ 770,000 $ 222,000 $ 328,000 240,000 790,000 (1) Stockholders' equity with 1,100 shares issued: Capital Stock [$200,000 + ($20 x 1,100 shares)] Capital in Excess of Par Value [$20,000 + ($300 - $20) x 1,100 shares] Retained Earnings (2) Stockholders' equity with 1,800 shares issued: Capital Stock [$200,000 + ($20 x 1,800 shares)] Capital in Excess of Par Value [$20,000 + ($300 - $20) x 1,800 shares] Retained Earnings $ 236,000 524,000 240,000 $1,000,000 (3) Stockholders' equity with 3,000 shares issued: Capital Stock [$200,000 + ($20 x 3,000 shares)] Capital in Excess of Par Value [$20,000 + ($300 - $20) x 3,000 shares] Retained Earnings 1-41 $ 260,000 860,000 240,000 $1,360,000
  42. 42. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-41 Incomplete Data Problem a. 5,200 = ($126,000 - $100,000)/$5 b. $208,000 = ($126,000 + $247,000) - ($100,000 + $65,000) c. $46,000 = $96,000 - $50,000 d. $130,000 = ($50,000 + $88,000 + $96,000 + $430,000 - $46,000 $220,000 - $6,000) - ($40,000 + $60,000 + $50,000 + $300,000 $32,000 - $150,000 - $6,000) e. $78,000 = $208,000 - $130,000 f. $97,000 (as reported by End Corporation) g. $13,000 = ($430,000 - $300,000)/10 years P1-42 Incomplete Data Following Purchase a. 14,000 = $70,000/$5 b. $8.00 = ($70,000 + $42,000)/14,000 c. 7,000 = ($117,000 - $96,000)/$3 d. $24,000 = $65,000 + $15,000 - $56,000 e. $364,000 = ($117,000 + $553,000 + $24,000) – ($96,000 + $234,000) f. $110,000 = $320,000 - $210,000 g. $306,000 = ($15,000 + $30,000 + $110,000 + $293,000) ($22,000 + $120,000) h. $58,000 = $364,000 - $306,000 1-42
  43. 43. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-43 Comprehensive Business Combination Problem a. Journal entries on the books of Bigtime Industries to record the combination: Merger Expense Cash 135,000 Deferred Stock Issue Costs Cash 42,000 Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Long-Term Investments Land Rolling Stock Plant and Equipment Patents Special Licenses Discount on Equipment Trust Notes Discount on Debentures Goodwill Current Payables Mortgages Payable Premium on Mortgages Payable Equipment Trust Notes Debentures Payable Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital — Common Deferred Stock Issue Costs 28,000 251,500 395,000 175,000 100,000 63,000 2,500,000 500,000 100,000 5,000 50,000 109,700 135,000 42,000 137,200 500,000 20,000 100,000 1,000,000 180,000 2,298,000 42,000 Computation of goodwill Value of stock issued ($14 x 180,000) Fair value of assets acquired Fair value of liabilities assumed Fair value of net identifiable assets Goodwill $4,112,500 (1,702,200) 1-43 $2,520,000 (2,410,300) $ 109,700
  44. 44. Chapter 01 - Intercorporate Acquisitions and Investments in Other Entities P1-43 (continued) b. Journal entries on the books of HCC to record the combination: Investment in Bigtime Industries Stock Allowance for Bad Debts Accumulated Depreciation Current Payables Mortgages Payable Equipment Trust Notes Debentures Payable Discount on Debentures Payable Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Long-Term Investments Land Rolling Stock Plant and Equipment Patents Special Licenses Gain on Sale of Assets and Liabilities Record sale of assets and liabilities. 2,520,000 6,500 614,000 137,200 500,000 100,000 1,000,000 Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital — Common Stock Treasury Stock Record retirement of Treasury Stock:* $7,500 = $5 x 1,500 shares $4,500 = $12,000 - $7,500 7,500 4,500 Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital — Common Additional Paid-In Capital — Retirement of Preferred Retained Earnings Investment in Bigtime Industries Stock Record retirement of HCC stock and distribution of Integrated Industries stock: $592,500 = $600,000 - $7,500 $495,500 = $500,000 - $4,500 1,410,000 = $220,100 + $1,189,900 40,000 28,000 258,000 381,000 150,000 55,000 130,000 2,425,000 125,000 95,800 1,189,900 592,500 495,500 *Alternative approaches exist. 1-44 12,000 22,000 1,410,000 2,520,000

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Advanced Accounting 13th Edition Beams Chapter 1 Solutions

Source: https://www.slideshare.net/suzielestari/chap001-29583166

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